Fundamental Principles of Analytical Chemistry

Fundamental Principles of Analytical ChemistryFundamental principles of analytical chemistry is a very technical science that uses a large variety of apparatus. The basic components are chemicals, mixtures, analysis processes. It is divided into three sections; the analytical chemistry, solvents and solvent systems. And each of these sub-parts is needed for any experiment.These are complex chemical elements that include alkali metals, carbonates, halides, fluorides, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, sulfur, silicates, sulphates, carbonates, ammonium salts, phenols, nitriles, arsenates, carbolic acids, amines, benzene, chalcogens, and perchlorates. Each of these elements have different uses in different reactions and processes. It is not very difficult to define, but very difficult to make a practical workable chemical system. A chemistry set is generally divided into two basic types; quantitative and qualitative. In qualitative analysis, the chemist makes more or less accurate m easurement of a substance using several techniques including spectroscopy, ionization, transmission electron microscopy, molecular spectroscopy, liquid chromatography, microspectroscopy, electrospray ionization, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. But quantitative analysis of a substance involves the collection of statistical data about specific quantities of a substance.This is one of the most important part of the process because it can also be done by hand. The results from the study may vary widely due to the many variables involved in a particular reaction. It may give accurate numbers, but the quality of the results will also vary greatly.Chemical concepts are very useful in solving analytical chemistry problems. Chemical equations are the basic equations used in analytical chemistry. These can be found in a book written by a chemist, and online at sites such as Math World.Properties of the element are not always obvious. The elements have a number of properties that may not b e immediately apparent. Carbon is the heaviest element in the universe and is usually found in the atmosphere. It has an atomic weight of twenty-seven. Carbon atoms can only occur in carbon compounds, which is the most common form of carbon on earth.Some substances can cause allergies. It can be a gas, a liquid, a solid, or a mixture of any of these.Properties are also important in the chemical reactions that are used in analytical chemistry. Some reactions are reversible, like the conversion of hydrogen to hydrocarbons, that can be a reversible process with a number of steps. Other reactions have irreversibility, and there is a great amount of research in this area.The fundamental principles of analytical chemistry are a means of explaining how chemical elements are made up. The properties of the elements are discovered by studying the properties of compounds, which are mixtures of chemicals. The properties of these mixtures are also studied and used in experiments.

Five academic resolutions for students this new year - Tutor Hunt Blog

Five academic resolutions for students this new year Five academic resolutions for students this new year Five academic resolutions for students this new yearSchoolsA new year is upon us, and so it is the time to resolve to cast away bad habits, and take up good ones. Most people end up making a couple of resolutions around this time, but very few people actually sick to them. Many will end up being that perfect gym customer, signing up for a whole year, then never even entering the building once February comes by. Others might pledge to start saving money, but will soon find the temptations of online shopping too hard to resist. For students of all ages, the new year is a good time to review your study habits, and work out where you could make some effective changes. For many secondary school students the approaching summer will bring with it exams, GCSE`s or maybe A-levels - so this time of year is the perfect point to ascertain what parts of your course you need to focus more attention onto. Even though the exams are many months away, if you get into good working habits now, you will will be in a good position later. Here are five good academic resolutions that your might consider taking up. 1. Don`t procrastinate. If you`re anything like me, you`ll know how much time you can spend putting off doing a piece of work. I generally spend as much time at my desk avoiding doing an assignment, as I do actually working on it. This means I`m effectively spending double the amount of time I need to on a piece of work, wasting hours every week, and squandering time I could put to better use. It is always best to set to work as soon as possible - if you have a week to complete an assignment, at least try to get a good start on it on the first day, that way you will feel better having started it, and have a good idea how much time it requires to be completed. 2. Make a list of your weakest points in each subject. No one likes to enumerate their own flaws, but unless you are quite clear about which parts of the syllabus need the most work, you may find yourself spending too much time on the areas you are comfortable with, and already have a good understanding of. Our natural inclination is often to avoid confronting the situations that most need out attention, and busy ourselves in areas we already comprehend fairy well. 3. Eat better. This might sound like a strange resolution as regards academic improvement, but there have been numerous studies showing that students frequently turn up at school without having consumed a proper breakfast. At the start of the school day you should ensure you have a a sizeable meal, as if you are hungry you wont be able to study or work to your full capacity. A supplement to this point could be taking care not to overindulge with alcohol, (hopefully advice pertaining to university students only) as this will obviously impair your abilities the following day. 4. Exercise. This point might not be known to all, but exercise promotes brain activity. Spending too much time cooped up inside, leading a sedentary lifestyle, even if it is surrounded by text books, can only allow so much learning. Try to get a healthy balance between indoor and outdoor time. Team sports are a great way to socialise, manage stress, and permit a distraction from your studies that will actually help them in the long term. 5. Employ caution with social media. This point certainly applies to everyone, but students should be especially careful what they post on their social media accounts. It is not unusual for employers to scour the social media sites of prospective employees, and they may not look too favourably upon some of the things in your account, even if they were posted many years ago. The maxim of `once something`s on the internet its there forever` is only too true, and it would be a terrible shame if all your good academic work at college or university was to be undone by a contentions, or controversial posting you made during this time. By adopting a resolution to be careful what you post you can avoid any future problems. 55 days ago0Add a Comment

More Powerful than the Will to Win is the Courage to Begin

More Powerful than the Will to Win is the Courage to Begin More powerful than the will to win is the courage to begin. -Orrin Woodward New York Times bestselling author Orrin Woodward of LeaderShift, Launching a Leadership Revolution, and numerous other books on leadership and liberty. Orrin has co-founded two multi-million dollar leadership companies and serves as the Chairman of the Board of the LIife Business. He has a B.S. degree from Kettering University in manufacturing systems engineering. He holds four U.S. patents, and won an exclusive National Technical Benchmarking Award. He follows the sun between residences in Michigan and Florida with his lovely wife Laurie and their children.

3 Mindsets That Fire Up Your Motivation to Learn a Language

3 Mindsets That Fire Up Your Motivation to Learn a Language 3 Mindsets That Fire Up Your Motivation to Learn a Language Its hard to stick with learning a language.Like cooking, dancing, knitting, martial arts, archery or any other skill that needs practice to emerge, a language requires focus and devotion.And devotion of that level requires real commitment.Maybe you started out devoted to the language, but came to dread practicing it daily.Maybe it became tedious, just another obligation.How many times did you set a goal to learn a new language and stop mid-way?Want to make sure that you stay the course this time and really learn your target language?If you cant take the heat, dont get out of the kitchen. Learn to take the heat.In this post, were going to look at three ways you can keep your language skills progressing, even if you get discouraged, and even if your enthusiasm wanes from time to time.But first, were going to look at how to deal with those pesky motivation killers. The Biggest Motivation Killers and How to Overcome Them“I no longer have to do this.”Maybe the France assignment youv e been gunning for has been given to someone else. You still love the culture and the country, but your fire for learning the language gets a good dousing because youre thinking, Well, Im not going there anytime soon.Or maybe your Italian girlfriend has broken up with you and anything Italian only reminds you of her. Down goes your motivation for learning the language.Most successful language learners are those who never run out of reasons to learn the language. They always find something to hold on to, that keeps them going regardless.So when changes happen in your situation and you lose your initial motivation for learning the language, look for other reasons to continue with the journey. Motivation is not one monolithic thing. You can have many reasons for learning a language, and they dont have to be dead serious ones. They dont even have to be big ones.Many learners successfully learned French because they started with a single food, a movie or an actress that they liked. Then it goes from there. Motivation doesnt have to be a huge rock that you latch on to forever. Because that can get old. Think of motivation more like pebbles that you find on a beautiful beach and decorate your home with.The thing is, you will always find those pebbles. There are always good reasons for learning a language. The best ones are within yourself, the internal and intrinsic reasons that are less susceptible to external changes.“I realized I’m bad at languages.”Language learners often come to a faulty conclusion that theyre just bad at languages. Theyve been at it for weeks or months, and nothings happening. Meanwhile, theyre seeing other people progress in ways they cant even imagine. So they throw up their hands in surrender and declare that theyre no good with languages.But the thing is, there are always plenty of reasons why things are not clicking. And they often have very little to do with you being bad at languages. Plenty of polyglots initially thought they were bad with languages until they found the appropriate material, format and language experiences for them.So before you fall victim to this line of thinking, widen your horizon and search for other ways, methods, mentors or experiences that are more appropriate for you. See what works, or you’re going to be missing out on a lifetime of adventure. The search can start online, for example, or with a fun language learning app.Almost nobody is bad at languages. Youve proven that yourself by learning your mother tongue. You just need something appropriate for you.Try FluentUs low-pressure and fun language immersion to escape the stress of traditional courses and textbooks. FluentU takes real-world videosâ€"like music videos, movies, news and inspiring talksâ€"and turns them into personalized language lessons.Since you choose your own content and schedule, you wont end up comparing yourself with other learners or focusing too much on arbitrary progress markersâ€"youll see true, incrementa l progress with every new word youre able to understand in a real-world context.When you start thinking youre bad at languages, focus on little tasks or games that reward and encourage you for what you do get right. Youll  end up thinking, “Hey, Im really not that bad!”The learning plateauYou begin to study a language, and its as if the floodgates have opened up for you. Youre learning new vocabulary concepts left and right. Youre learning so much that the wave of adrenaline that flushes your system keeps you up at night.This goes on for days, weeks or even months.Then you hit a wall.Now, not much is happening. Really, things are at a standstill. Each new vocabulary theme or grammar rule youre trying to get your head around seems awfully esoteric, difficult and impractical. The effort youre putting in doesnt give you equal returns.Everybody gets to this place at some point, so consider yourself forewarned. If nobody is really bad at languages, its also true that nobody really es capes going through the plateau. Because its a natural element of that progress towards linguistic mastery.Sure, things are going to be red hot when you begin, and youre going to be learning many things in a short period of time.Then the plateau comes and you think nothing new is happening.But stay the course. Dont delete that language app, keep coming back to that website and watch that video clip for the nth time. Even when you think youre not improving, continue studying. Because learning plateaus end. Keep that in mind. Soon enough, youll break through and be learning on a different level. Things will get hot again.Things will get moving again, but only for those who wait for the next wave.When other things become more importantWe all have jobs to work, families or obligations to other people and places we need to go to. When youve got that school deadline looming over the horizon, or your boss breathing down your neck, the Sound of Music-like ideal of learning a language seems like a luxury you cant afford.So learning a language takes a back seat to bills that need to get paid, reports that need to be made and kids who need to be raised.Im not saying that you drop everything to study a language. All Im saying is that learning the language needs to have a high place in your priorities, if youre ever going to get around to it. Maybe not as high as your family, but maybe higher than the time you spend watching TV or that time you spend daydreaming about your crush.Make an inventory of things you do on a daily basis. What things can you stop doing so youll have time for learning a new language? There will always be things that are more important than learning a language, but realize that youre also doing things that are less important. Carve them out of your life.All that being said, lets get to the three powerful mindsets that effectively bulletproof your motivation to learn any language.3 Mindsets That Fire Up Your Motivation to Learn a Language1) “Mistak es get me closer to the promised land.”If laughter is good for you, being able to laugh at your mistakes is even better.People who successfully learn and master a language have made thousands of mistakes. Theyve made so many, theyve lost count. Well, really, they dont count them at all!Used the wrong vocabulary? Wrong  verb conjugation? No problem, learn the correct one and then move on. Violated a dozen grammar rules in a single sentence? No big deal! Made a fool out of yourself in front of a native speaker? Just got yourself a newfound friend.People who fail make very few mistakes. Its because they dont even try. Theyre afraid of committing the slightest of errors, so they tiptoe around language practice. They make mountains out of molehills and quit after a series of totally common mistakesmistakes that even native speakers make.They often end up with Motivation Killer #2. They come to the conclusion that theyre just bad at languages. So they quit and never make it to the promi sed land, not knowing that each little mistake, each little screw up was actually a step in the right direction.The thing is, errors are part of language learning territory. Theyre right smack in the middle of the whole thing, an inherent part of the process. Benny Lewis, the polyglot behind Fluent in 3 Months, even advises people to make as many mistakes as possible. More mistakes is better in the long run.So dont think that you need perfect grammar and pronunciation before trying out your first sentence. Nope, thats putting the cart before the horse. Youll get nowhere. Do this instead: Speak your first sentence, make all the mistakes you can make along the way and then slowly weed them out over time. Thats how you get to native-like pronunciation and fluency, not the other way around.Think of kids learning their mother tongues. Maybe you have children of your own or a young nephew or niece. Listen to them speak. Notice how many times they butcher their own language? They dont even pronounce words right. Mistakes are so much an integral part of language learning that we can even predict the type and timing of errors that children make.But kids never make a fuss over it, do they? They say, Waits for me! and go on with their day. And the adults who interact with them just laugh off the innocent gaffe, or sometimes correct them and then move on. Everybody understands that the child is still learning.Adults are quite a different breed. Every mistake becomes a blunder and signals the end of the world: I should have gotten 10 out of 10 on this vocabulary test. What’s wrong with me?!If youre to bulletproof your language learning motivation and never lose steam in the process, youll have to realize that every blemish in your record, every mispronunciation, every little vocabulary word you cant seem to recall, every mistake on the chapter quiz, every correction you get from a native speaker and every sentence you cant decipher are all a trail of crumbs that you foll ow on the road to learning.Do this: Whenever you commit a mistake, write it on a small piece of paper. For example:Did a quiz online. Thought the plural for child was childs. Its actually children. Ha!Fold up that piece of paper and put it in a bowl. Every once in a while, draw from that bowl and read whats written. Be reminded of the correction to your mistake and learn the material. If youre still not confident, toss the paper back into the bowl to be revisited another day. Otherwise, throw it away. Replenish the bowl as often as possible.Thats just one way of learning from mistakes.You actually have software and apps that do this for you automatically. Theyre called SRS (Spaced Repetition Software). Say you want to stock up on vocabulary by doing flashcards. Spaced repetition apps like Anki and SuperMemo  can do this for you so you dont have to create an actual deck where you write the word in the target language on one side and its translation on the other. These apps are electr onic decks that you can practice on.And they take it a step further. Say you made a mistake and gave the wrong translation. Boo hoo! No big deal. The apps have an algorithm that tells them to show that particular card more frequently so you can have more practice with it and eventually learn it.See? No big whoop every time you make a mistake. The app is actually encouraging you to try again. Its as if the app is telling you: Made a mistake? Try again. Made another one? No worries, I got it covered. Try again. As long as it takes, pal. I have all day.Mistakes are not the enemy. If you get that mindset in your head, no misstep, error or mistake can ever extinguish that fire of motivation.2) “Man, this is fun!”How motivated do you think you would be if your view of language learning were that its a chore, a burden and a bore?You look at a long list of Greek vocabulary words or a thick Russian book, and youll soon be opting for a walk-in root canal instead. Many will come to the con clusion that language learning is a drudgery, a dead serious challenge that only the disciplined and the inherently, mysteriously motivated can hurdle. But oftentimes its not even really the materials fault that we get bored and lose motivation. We do this to ourselves, demotivate ourselves out of the running. We think, This thing isnt making it fun for me, expecting language learning to somehow make itself fun.For language learning to be fun, you have to be an active participant, not a passive observer of the proceedings. In short, make it fun!Some of the things you can do to achieve this include:Aim for variety and novelty.  Variety is the spice of life. So mix it up by using multimedia. Watch movies, listen to songs, partner up with a native speaker or dive into audiobooks.Aim for brevity.  Speaking from experience, anything thats long tends to become synonymous with hard and tedious. Break up your study into short bits and stop just before you get tired and lose motivation for t he next day. Leave things with you wanting more and youll find yourself excited to do it again tomorrow. Many make the mistake of squeezing out every ounce of motivation for the day, so it demotivates them to do it again the next day.Pair language learning with your favorite activity.  For example, lets say youre into archery. Why dont you place different vocabulary words on the target, draw from a bowl containing the same words and try to hit the word you picked? The idea is, dont just wait for the material to be fun. Do something about it.Dont take any of it too seriously. Being serious kills all the fun. Pressuring yourself will deflate you. I dont mean that you dont work at it, I dont mean that you dont learn from your mistakes, I dont mean that you should be content with your present language chops. I mean dont let todays mistakes stop you from trying and making tomorrows mistakes. Its not the end of the world, so lets not act like it is. Were just learning a language. People d o it every day. So relax! Shoot some arrows.Check out some language resources for kids.  These are learning tools whose language games make you think Where have these things been all my life! The activities are interactive, wildly colorful, user-friendly and guaranteed to make language learning a hoot.Muzzy BBC is one such great resource that makes use of animated video courses. Its meant to teach 600+ words in your target language covering a variety of basic topics. So if youre struggling to get started with your language and still havent learned the basics, consider that if a course like this is designed to keep kids from getting bored, it might just be the ticket for your own motivation.Continuing with the BBCs great language resources, go over to BBC Languages and consume the wonderful array of audio, video, tests and activities they have for Spanish, Italian, French, German, Chinese, Greek and Portuguese language learners.Dont just study up on the language. Put down the languag e textbook for a minute and dive into the culture. Youll learn almost as much French by learning about French food and cooking techniques, for example. So widen your horizon and look to the culture. It will make the language come alive and give you more reason to love your target language. YouTube contains tons of native speaker produced content that will give you hours of engaging language lessons in the form of fun vlogs.Find a friend to help motivate you. Find someone funny, whose energy can be infectious. This person doesnt even have to be a language learner themselves, just somebody who can crack you up and give you a hard time when youre taking yourself too seriously. Let them quiz you on the thing youre learning. Make it into a bet. And then when you lose, get them that ice cream.3) “Every day is training day.”Consistency is the name of the game. Its true for the milkman, the mailman and it should be true for our motivation to learn any language.But were only human, and t here are days when energy is at a low and we just don’t feel like doing it. There are days when wed rather watch a marathon of Friends than hit the books. There are moments when we cant smile at the progress weve made. The different ways to make the process fun that weve just talked about will help. Theyll turn the whole journey into one big adventure. But how do we bulletproof motivation on those days when its the hardest?How?By making language learning an essential part of you.Lets learn from the milkman who greeted your grandmother with a good morning every day, and the mailman who faithfully delivered your familys mail for years. Do you think they didnt have mornings when theyd rather stay at home and have somebody else knock on doors and flash those everlasting smiles? Sure they did!But why do they go out when everybody else stays in? Why do they brave the snow and rain? Why do they report for duty when they dont feel like it, dealing with guard dogs, sneaky sprinklers and ro wdy neighborhood kids?In some cases, its a simple matter of having a job, of course, but for at least the more dedicated among them, the answer is because its what I do, gosh darnit. Hes the milkman, and everybodys counting on him to bring in fresh milk every day. Hes the postman, and hes delivering mail to the right homes at the right time. Its who they are. Its a part of their being, and thats why bad weather, a bad mood or a bad day cant stop them.Studying a language is very much the same. Successful language learners dont leave language learning to chance or their mood that day. Because they could be not in the mood that day and for several days after that. Instead, they try to practice the language day in and day out, especially when its hardest.This mindset, in a way, takes the burden off answering the question, What’s my motivation to learn this thing today? It turns language learning into a normal and daily routine, making it a part of your day, a fiber of your being, a de finition of what you are.Am I gonna study today or not? That question becomes irrelevant, because the answer will always be yes. Theres no guessing to be had.Cracking a language textbook, watching language learning videos, honing your craft with language learning websites is what you do. Its not something out of the ordinary, its what you do. Im a language learner, gosh darnit! Thats what I do!Carve out a time each day for when you study your language. You can make it as short as five minutes, though its better if you go over. Reserve that time for language study alone. Same time each day. Same exact time. Very important. For example, think 9 pm to 9:05, its go time.  Dont say Ill get to those five minutes, depending on my day. No, youll never get to those five minutes that way. Carve out that daily five minutes first, and the rest follows.One cool way to achieve this is through the app Habitica. Its a to-do list app that allows you to create habits by game-ifying them. So youre not only learning the language, youre also playing an RPG-style game. You create a character and each time you accomplish a daily task, you get rewarded by perks like unlocking armor, buying a pet or opening up new quests. Fail to do a daily task, and soon the monsters will be out to get you!But, of course, there are still times when you just cant get out of bed and get into those books. For you to be able to recover and still do it day in and day out, you need to know that youre not slugging it alone.A great way to deal with these ups and downs and keep on track is with polyglot Olly Richards courses. He offers something for many different  languages, and everything is designed to help you figure out your own favorite way to learn, schedule your study time and maintain your motivation. He also really likes to keep you accountable by giving you homework at the end of each module. Some of it even involves emailing Olly directlyâ€"who better to keep you honest than someone whos learned s even foreign languages himself?If this sounds like what you need, start with  Grammar Hero  (all about the building blocks),  Conversations  (for fast fluency) or the  Uncovered  courses (targeting specific languages including Spanish, French, German and Italian.)You can also plug into an online community that will make you feel that youre not alone in this language learning quest. That there are people out there just like you.Find like-minded souls in places like Coeffee, InterPals  and Busuu. These are language exchange sites with folks who can help you make language learning a daily commitment.LingQ is a supportive and interactive online language learning system that provides lessons and courses as well as a robust network of community resources. You can meet and chat with other users in the forum and request corrections to your writing or pronunciation in the Language Exchange Community part of the site.You can motivate others, just as they buck you up. Having these connections will help on those days when learning the target language is the last thing on your mind.So there you have it!Three mindsets that will bulletproof your motivation to learn any language.Get these three mindsets down pat, and youll never lose your way. Youll get to the promised land and have a wonderful time doing it. Because youll be doing exactly what youre supposed to be doing. And youll know it!

Free Online Tutoring Websites

Free Online Tutoring WebsitesIf you are looking for free tutoring services in India, then you should consider online tutoring websites. These websites are an essential resource to help you gain new knowledge, whether you want to read or learn a new language. They make it possible for everyone from the most advanced college students to those who need online learning materials to get help in their studies.Online tutoring is becoming increasingly popular among students and professionals, as more students demand access to the Internet. There are various online learning communities where tutors provide quality education for every student who wants to gain knowledge at minimal cost. Many universities and colleges are starting to offer this type of service in their university programs. In the past, this service was available only in physical classrooms.Classes in traditional universities usually include class discussions, group projects, discussion, classroom assignments, lectures, and test s. While this can be good for students who don't have time to travel to class, it can also prove to be a waste of time and energy for students who must attend all of the mentioned activities and suffer from physical pain every day.One of the main advantages of online tutoring is that students have a chance to learn while doing other activities they enjoy like watching movies, playing computer games, or reading books. In this way, students can keep their minds occupied and build better concentration levels which are very important when studying for exams.Online tutoring requires no travel for students to reach a class. There are several factors that affect a person's performance like mood, location, and time, but it is not important because most of the services are provided without any interruption in school or university activities.Students who prefer to do homework can also use online tutoring because it is much faster than doing it through paper-based materials. This is due to the fact that the tutor doesn't have to type in words in a notebook and then type in the answers for students who are better at doing research than doing homework.Online tutoring is now available in almost all languages and all subjects. An individual's knowledge and ability can be enhanced by taking some online lessons. In order to access these services, all that is needed is to simply go to a website that offers tutoring services.

A Review of the School of Chemistry

A Review of the School of ChemistryChemistry Regents is a school that educates students who are interested in physics, biology, chemistry and other related subjects. This school has a very big reputation which you can view through the internet.The chemistry program of this school is so great because it has been well recognized throughout the country. It has gained a great number of students due to its effective teaching program. In this school, students are taught by experts who have extensive knowledge and experience in the field of physics. It will be a good learning experience for your child if he can study at this school because he can become successful in life through this.Chemistry is the main subject of this school and it is the only course that it offers that will prepare students for their future studies. It teaches the basic topics that students need to know to be successful in this field. The major area of chemistry is based on science subjects that require knowledge of el ements and their properties.You should note that the elementary subjects that are taught in this school are different from other schools. Most of the teachers in the school are specialists in these topics and they can help you solve all your problem about chemistry. This is because they are experts in the field and they can also provide you with the best possible advice and information about it.You can also get a graduate degree in chemistry and become an accredited professor in this school. It is a very good source of education for your child because it provides you with the best possible opportunities for a good job after graduating.You should note that all the courses offered in this school are offered free of cost and it is very easy to avail of them. The main objective of the school is to offer quality education to its students and to become the best company possible in the field of science. If you want to have a good school in your neighborhood, visit June 2020 Chemistry Regen ts and find out how this school can help you in your research. Visit the website of this school now to get more information about it.

What You Need to Know About the New AP World History Exam

What You Need to Know About the New AP World History Exam You may have noticed that as you get older, things begin to change: your friendships, your studies, and yes, even your AP exams. Every few years, most exams undergo a rewrite to make sure that theyre the best possible measure of a students abilities and knowledge. While it may feel overwhelming to wrap your brain around a whole different kind of AP test, it is usually beneficial to your learning in the long run. But as you know, it is important to know as much as you can about a change before jumping in headfirst so heres what you need to know about the new AP World History exam to increase your chances of success. Launching in the 2016-2017 school year, the exam incorporates feedback from a variety of teachers of higher education and AP classes. The revision is meant to enhance the emphasis on essential concepts and historical thinking skills. The AP World History exam format Starting in 2017, the AP World History Exam will share the same format as both the AP U.S. Historyand AP European Historyexams. The new AP World History exam will consist of short answer questions, as well as a document-based essay and a longer essay. The essays will require that students possess historical content knowledge and adequate writing skills. There will also be multiple-choice questions to analyze content knowledge and a students ability to use and interpret primary and secondary sources. Broken down, the test looks like this: Multiple-choice questions: 55 over 55 minutes Short-answer questions: 4 over 50 minutes Document-based question: 1 over 55 minutes Essay question: 1 over 35 minutes Other exam changes The revision includes several changes in content, including the removal of less essential topics from the concept outline. This change is meant to make the scope of course content easier to manage and more realistic for students and teachers. Another important change is the addition of learning objectives within the framework of the curriculum. These will make it easier for students to focus on the most important parts of the course. It should also make studying for the AP World History exam easier. Of course, the exam format has also been revised to include the new question types included above, helping students to demonstrate their knowledge and skills in a variety of ways. In light of these changes, it is important that students rely on practice tests from the current year. Because the content and questions have both changed, reviewing old tests may not be useful. Your best strategy will be to address the learning objectives throughout the course, review practice exams, and pay attention to the material presented in class. Remember, these exams can change every year, so make sure you are aware of any and all changes going into the school year. The changes are always carefully evaluated by professionals working in education to make the test a more accurate measure of knowledge. Its easy to fear change, but by understanding what you need to know about the new AP World History exam, you can prepare to succeed!

5 French Speaking Countries You Can Visit Besides France

5 French Speaking Countries You Can Visit Besides France Sign up successful 2. The Caribbean Photo by Selden Vestrit Okay, okay so the Caribbean isnt a country but there were too many to list! St. Barts, St. Martin, Guadeloupe, Martinique, La Reunion the list goes on and on! Cant you just imagine the white sandy beaches, coconut in hand, listening to waves with a new French-speaking friend by your side whispering the most romantic language in the world into your ear? Le sigh!!! 3. Morocco Photo by Alexander Cahlenstein If Indiana Jones is more your style than a beach resort, you should know that most of Africa speaks French either as a primary or secondary language. Explore thousand-year-old ruins, order a coffee in your favorite Casablanca cafe, plan a trip to the desert, and haggle prices in the casbah with the locals using your knowledge of the French language. 4. Seychelles Photo by Y. Ballester Its where Prince William Kate Middleton had their honeymoon so you know its good! Located on the east side of Africa, these breathtaking islands are tres chic right now, and the locals at the art galleries will be eating out of the palm of your hand when you understand their language â€" French! 5. Switzerland Photo by Gustave Deghilage Why is Switzerland last? Ask Mark Twain, Ernest Hemingway, or Charles Dickens. This is also the place where Audrey Hepburn decided to spend her life. I personally spent four months studying French in Switzerland and I ache for more! The Alpine vistas, the clean air, the glacial water, the trains, and the many, many indoor and outdoor activities all make Switzerland an amazing place to visit. Its a wonderful example of democracy and a multicultural nation that works efficiently and peacefully. Plus â€" its smack dab in the middle of Europe. Perfect for any excursion youd like to venture off to next! These arent the only places that speak French â€" you can find French speaking regions here in the United States, more European countries, countries in southeast Asia, a spare country in South America, and many islands in all of the Earths oceans. By learning to speak French you have a key to new cultures â€" music, art, food, ideas, and new friends around the world. Check out the video below to get started with some key phrases for travelers: Learn French even faster by working with a private tutor! French tutors are available to work with you in-person or online via webcam. Find your French tutor today. Post Author: Jackie A. is an acting, English, French, and Spanish instructor in Essington, PA. She taught English as she studied abroad in Geneva, Switzerland and is an active member of her local improv troupe. Learn more about Jackie here! Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

Why Learn Modern Standard Arabic

Why Learn Modern Standard Arabic What’s the best way to learn Modern Standard Arabic? ChaptersWhat is Modern Standard Arabic?What are the main differences between Modern Standard Arabic and spoken Arabic dialects?Where can you learn classical Arabic in the US?Why are we talking about Modern Standard Arabic without learning to read or write it?What books should you buy to learn classical Arabic?Good books for learning Modern Standard ArabicWhich countries speak Modern Standard Arabic?Right now you can’t even say ‘My name is’ in Arabic, but you’re determined and willing to do the work. However, people keep speaking to you about the differences between Modern Standard Arabic and spoken dialects.So what’s the difference between the two? And what exactly is Modern Standard Arabic?When you learn Arabic, you’ll also learn about the rich history of the language, stretching back over millennia, which is deeply entwined with Islam and the Quran.So for those who are trying to work out the best way to tackle the Arabic language, here are a few tips and tricks to help you in learning Modern Standard Arabic.Arabic dictionary (iTunes) works as an offline and online dictionary to help you translate new words and phrasesMondly (iTunes) - declared the app of 2017 by Facebook, this language learning app offers Arabic as well as 33 other languages, and uses high tech voice recognition software to practice interactive conversations. The app will also take you through Arabic vocabulary and conjugations. HalimaArabic Teacher £13/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors KotaibaArabic Teacher 5.00 (3) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors SoledadArabic Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors NancyArabic Teacher 5.00 (1) £18/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors TaouesArabic Teacher £8/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors DinaArabic Teacher £15/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors AbrarArabic Teacher £20/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors UsamaArabic Teacher 5.00 (1) £17/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsW hy are we talking about Modern Standard Arabic without learning to read or write it?Modern Standard Arabic is actually normally a second language in Arabic countries.The topic is rarely spoken about in language learning materials, but generates lots of interest in linguistic forums…Out of 355 million Arabic speakers, in countries where Arabic is an official language, it is estimated that only a few million speak classical Arabic. (If it still isn’t clear, classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic, and literary Arabic are all used more or less interchangeably.)Literary Arabic is the preserve of the elite and is rarely used in daily life. Classical Arabic is the language of authors and philosophers like:Abou el Kacem Chebbi,Naguib Mahfouz (who won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1988)Or even Averroès.Arabic is also an official language at several international organizations, including:The United NationsAfrica UnionOrganization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)Frequently considered on e of the hardest languages to learn in the world â€" alongside Cantonese, Mandarin, Korean, and Japanese â€" classical Arabic can be difficult for outsiders to access if they aren’t from an Arab or North African country.The effects of migration on Arabic speakersIn student forums you’ll often see messages from 2nd or 3rd generation immigrant students who’ve learned one of the spoken Arabic dialects from their parents, but don’t know how to read or write classical Arabic.They struggle with the Arabic script and the differences in grammar and conjugations.Other blocks on mastering classical Arabic might be lower levels of learning among their parents, a focus on integration over preserving the culture of their country of origin, or a lack of exposure to the TV shows and newspapers where Modern Standard Arabic are used.What books should you buy to learn classical Arabic?In addition to classes in Modern Standard Arabic you can sign up for at mosques or local language schools, te xtbooks can also help you learn the language!There are many different books available to help you learn Arabic, and it’s best to choose carefully as they aren’t all easy to use or appropriate for beginners.Before you start madly filling up an amazon.com shopping cart in your enthusiasm for the language of the Quran and pre-Islamic poetry, it’s good to make a plan for how you’re going to learn Arabic.First of all, each of the 28 Arabic letters should be learned, with a focus on syntax, lexis, and pronunciation.Next, Arabic students should keep in mind that there’s a clear distinction between Arabic dialects and written Arabic. The ‘darjia’ Arabic spoken in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia is quite different from the Modern Standard Arabic that you can read in the newspapers or hear on TV!The best Arabic-English dictionaries to learn classical ArabicThere’s been an explosion of interest in learning Arabic in recent years, and the language’s sudden popularity hasn’t al ways been met with the most well researched resources. There have been all kinds of sloppy translations for different words and vocabulary.In order to make sure you have the best tools possible as you study Arabic, it’s best to stick to well-researched dictionaries.What book or dictionary should you use to learn classical Arabic?Basic DictionariesAll the normal publishers for language learning have dictionaries â€" depending on your preference you could choose Merriam Webster, Oxford Arabic, or Collier.Word ReferenceA long term favorite of language learners the world over, Word Reference is the default online dictionary for any language they offer. Available online or via an app, their English-Arabic dictionary includes various words and phrases. If you can’t find what you’re looking for, you can pose a question in the forums and you can also help other learners by finding the right Arabic-English translation and contributing answers to their questions.You should know though t hat Word Reference only provides Arabic words in Arabic script, without any transliteration, so you’ll need to be comfortable reading and sounding out Arabic before Word Reference can be of much help.DK Arabic-English Visual Picture DictionaryKing of the picture dictionaries, DK’s English-Arabic offering is a great starter book for children as they learn their first words in Arabic and begin to make sense of the language. If you’re a bit older, but find picture dictionaries helpful, a good alternative is the Oxford Picture dictionary for teens and adults. It’s worth noting that this dictionary is meant for Arabic speakers learning English, but the premise is still the same.Good books for learning Modern Standard ArabicThe Arabic Alphabet â€" how to read and write itThis classic book for Arabic learners by Nicholas Awde will walk you through how to write Arabic script and write the letters, stroke by stroke. It also explains the pronunciation of each as you go, and is a nice, basic, and uncomplicated introduction to written Arabic.Living Language ArabicThis isn’t so much a book as a complete multimedia pack with course books, a guide to writing the script, and several CDs which will walk you through Arabic vocabulary, dialogues, and audio exercises. You’ll also get access to the online portal which provides interactive language games, flashcards, and other activities. The pack can be a bit more expensive, but you can usually find it at a good discount.Arabic Stories for Language LearnersThis book of short stories also comes with a CD, and aims to give Arabic students a taste for the language’s rich cultural and literary history. Before each of the 66 short stories, new vocabulary and grammar are presented. The CD lets you work on your listening skills, at the same time as understanding the Arabic storytelling style.Complete Arabic, by Frances AltorferPart of the Teach Yourself series, this book walks you through the Arabic language, from complete beginner to intermediate level. It uses realistic conversations to slowly introduce vocabulary and grammar. It also gives you culture notes, to bring the people who use the language to life as you learn. Finally, CDs are no longer included with the book, but you can download all the Arabic recordings from the website.Arabic for dummiesThis successful series of books doesn’t really need any introduction. Their book is basically an Arabic for beginners book designed for people just starting to learn the language. It covers:VocabularyBasic GrammarAnd phonetic transcriptions to help you learn at your own pace.Easy to use, and very practical, you can find Arabic for Dummies online and in bookstores at a very reasonable price. It also comes with a CD-ROM full of real life conversations and people talking about their daily lives in Modern Standard Arabic.Which countries speak Modern Standard Arabic?Even though Modern Standard Arabic might be the official working language of many governme nts, you’ll often find that bureaucrats are still speaking local Arabic dialects amongst themselves.On one hand it’s an incredibly diverse and constantly evolving language, but some forms of spoken Arabic (or ???????, al-?arabiyah) are also on the decline.All of the many different local dialects are based on the same form of classical written Arabic. A common question among Arab-speakers themselves is who speaks the closest form of Arabic to Modern Standard Arabic?Because almost no Arabic speakers ever speak Modern Standard Arabic as their mother tongue.It’s a constant source of squabbles, disagreements, and teasing, but in a more serious vein there’s an earnest attempt to decide which country uses the most authentic version of spoken Arabic.But just from the name ‘the most eloquent Arabic language’ you can tell that Modern Standard Arabic has a certain prestige from its history and associations with the classical Arabic of the Quran.It’s written exactly the same in ev ery Arabic speaking country, and bit like the standardization of Mandarin Chinese. Classical Arabic is the version of Arabic that is taught in religious and public schools as well as language classes.You will see it in newspapers, books, academic articles, and in government administration in Arabic countries.Modern Standard Arabic also serves as the intermediary language between many Arab countries. The spoken dialects aren’t too dissimilar, and the written form is the same in every country, so modern Arabic is often considered as more of an umbrella over many versions of the same language.Most linguists would say that the further East you go across North Africa, the closer the spoken Arabic dialects become to written classical Arabic, although they remain a bit different.In the countries where Arabic and its spoken dialects are the most common language, the first language of many citizens is fairly close to Modern Standard Arabic. In addition to Egypt, this also holds true in oth er countries like:SyriaIraqLibyaJordanSaudi ArabiaYemenKuwaitQatarOmanBahrainThe United Arab EmiratesThe reasons for learning Arabic so what are you waiting for! Use the information that has been discussed to get you started